Hyperinflation is an extreme and rapid increase in the general price level of goods and services within an economy, resulting in a sharp decline in the purchasing power of the national currency. Hyperinflation typically occurs when the supply of money exceeds the demand for goods and services, leading to a loss of confidence in the currency's value and widespread price spirals. Hyperinflationary episodes often stem from excessive money printing by central banks, government deficits financed by money creation, or severe economic disruptions such as wars, political instability, or natural disasters. Hyperinflation erodes savings, distorts economic decision-making, undermines business confidence, and disrupts financial markets, leading to social unrest and economic turmoil. Central banks and policymakers employ various measures to combat hyperinflation, including monetary tightening, fiscal austerity, currency stabilization, and structural reforms to restore confidence in the currency and stabilize the economy.